The United States suspended key non-proliferation sanctions against Pakistan during the Soviet-Afghan War, and while those waivers remained in place, Pakistan became a nuclear-weapons state and A. Q. Khan laid the groundwork for supplying nuclear technology to Iran, North Korea, and Libya.
Sources
- Afghanistan: Remembering the Long, Long War We Would Rather Forget (warontherocks.com)
- https://carnegieendowment.org/2004/06/23/nonproliferation-sanctions-against-pakistan-and-india-pub-15427 (carnegieendowment.org)
- https://www.armscontrol.org/act/2004-09/pakistans-nuclear-past-shows-flaws-us-policy (armscontrol.org)
- https://www.nti.org/analysis/articles/pakistan-nuclear-overview/ (nti.org)
- https://carnegieendowment.org/2005/01/18/khan-network-pub-16743 (carnegieendowment.org)
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