Science
1179 verified facts in this category, showing 801–900.
- If colonoscopy results are good, a person may not need another colonoscopy for 10 years.
- People with kidney disease are advised to use a PEG bowel preparation for colonoscopy to reduce health problems related to fluid and electrolyte loss.
- Polyethylene glycol (PEG) bowel-prep kits for colonoscopy can require drinking up to 4 liters of liquid, while oral sodium phosphate kits typically require about 3 liters.
- When bowel preparation for a colonoscopy has worked effectively, the stool should look like urine or clear water.
- Vitamin C and the B vitamins do not build up in the human body and need to be consumed regularly.
- The human body can store vitamins A, D, E, and K, so excessive intake of these vitamins can be problematic.
- Donanemab-azbt (Kisunla) is administered by intravenous infusion every four weeks and can rarely cause a life-threatening allergic reaction and swelling.
- The senolytic drug mixture used in the research combined dasatinib, which promotes death of cancer cells, and quercetin, an antioxidant found in apples and other foods.
- The bladder may become less elastic with age, potentially causing more frequent urination.
- Diuretics, certain antidepressants, iron supplements, diabetes, and pelvic floor disorders can contribute to constipation in addition to age-related changes in the large intestine.
- Approximately 1 in 5 U.S. adults had chronic pain in 2019.
- In the Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Study, the combined diet-and-exercise lifestyle-intervention group delayed the onset of type 2 diabetes by a median of 3.96 years compared with controls (95% CI 1.25–6.67; p=0.0042).
- Higher daily step counts were associated with lower rates of death from cardiovascular disease and cancer.
- The NIA Interventions Testing Program's lifespan-testing protocol was designed to detect a 10% change in mean lifespan, in either sex, with 80% statistical power when data from as few as two of the three testing sites were pooled.
- In the Di Francesco et al. (2024) study of female mice, the lifespan-extension effect was largest with 40% chronic caloric restriction, followed in order by 20% chronic caloric restriction, 2-day intermittent fasting, and 1-day intermittent fasting.
- In a 2024 study by Di Francesco et al. analyzing 937 female genetically diverse outbred mice, all four tested dietary interventions significantly extended lifespan compared to ad libitum-fed controls.
- The Younger Dryas began at the end of the last Ice Age, approximately 12,800 years ago.
- A team led by David Meltzer of Southern Methodist University rechecked the dates from 29 archaeological sites cited as evidence for a cosmic collision associated with the Younger Dryas.
- Ice-age sea-level declines can expose land bridges between continents that were previously submerged.
- Ice cores contain trapped air bubbles that reveal the composition of ancient atmospheres, including carbon dioxide and methane levels.
- Two La Niñas were the second year of a 'double dip' La Niña event, occurring in 1974/75 and 2011/12.
- Of the 14 La Niñas on record as of 2016, nine immediately followed El Niño years.
- La Niña is officially declared when central-eastern Pacific water temperatures stay at least 0.5°C below average.
- Researchers at the University of California, Riverside analyzed 20 years of AMOC observations and used 100 years of temperature and salinity data to reconstruct earlier ocean dynamics.
- The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) transports warm, salty tropical water northward, where it cools, becomes denser, sinks, and then travels southward.
- Oceans absorb about 30 percent of the carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere.
- Oxygen and hydrogen produced by splitting lunar water can be used together as rocket fuel.
- Along the U.S. Pacific Coast, coinciding positive and negative sea-level anomalies can demonstrate the interconnection between oceanic and atmospheric systems during climatic events such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO).
- Regional sea-level anomalies can indicate unusual water temperatures, salinities, average monthly winds, atmospheric pressures, and/or coastal currents.
- Early dental microwear data collection methods involved using a microscope to manually record individual microwear features.
- Conservation paleobiology is used to model future scenarios for species' range contraction or expansion.
- Conservation paleobiology addresses challenges in modern conservation biology, such as understanding the extinction risk of endangered species.
- Conservation paleobiology uses paleontological and geological data to understand how biotas respond to climate and other natural and anthropogenic environmental change.
- Conservation paleobiology is a field of paleontology that applies knowledge of the geological and paleoecological record to conservation and restoration of biodiversity and ecosystem services.
- BICEP and the Keck Array use cryogenic telescopes with arrays of detectors sensitive to several frequencies of microwave radiation.
- BICEP and the Keck Array are a series of cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments deployed near the South Pole.
- Many particles hypothesized in searches for new physics are theorized to interact feebly with matter.
- In a beam dump experiment, the dense target absorbs the primary particle beam and conventional lepton by-products of collisions.
- The term 'dump' in beam dump experiments is derived by analogy from the beam dumps used at particle accelerators.
- In the Barton's pendulums experiment, pendulums other than the target pendulum do not move as much, demonstrating that torquing a pendulum at its resonance frequency is most efficient.
- In the Barton's pendulums experiment, the target pendulum swings with maximum amplitude when the system vibrates at the resonance frequency of the driver pendulum.
- In the simplest construction of the Barton's pendulums experiment, approximately 10 different pendulums are hung from one common string.
- The Barton's pendulums experiment demonstrates how pendulums respond to vibration at, below, and above their resonant frequencies.
- An aeolipile produces torque from steam jets exiting the turbine.
- Paleontology examines burrows and cast-off parts of organisms (such as molted shells) as forms of fossil evidence.
- In paleontology, fossil tracks are known as ichnites.
- The term 'coprolites' refers to fossilized feces studied in paleontology.
- The term 'ichnites' refers to fossilized tracks left by prehistoric organisms.
- Paleontology includes the study of palynomorphs, which are microscopic fossilized organic particles such as pollen and spores.
- The foundation of paleontology as a science dates back to the work of Georges Cuvier in 1796.
- The brachistochrone curve problem, which asks for the curve of fastest descent between two points under gravity, was a famous challenge posed by Johann Bernoulli in the 17th century.
- Waring's problem asks whether every natural number can be expressed as a sum of a fixed number of k-th powers of natural numbers.
- The Erlangen programme was a method of characterizing geometries based on group theory, proposed by Felix Klein in 1872.
- The Langlands program is an example of an agenda pushing for progress in specific areas of mathematics.
- The Mid-Subatlantic climatological period lasted from 175 to 750 AD.
- The Antiproton Decelerator ejects decelerated antiprotons to several connected experiments.
- The Afshar experiment is a variation of the double-slit experiment in quantum mechanics.
- The secondary pions and kaons produced at Fermilab's Booster Neutrino Beam decay to produce a neutrino beam with an average energy of around 800 MeV.
- Academic discourse on hypothesized alien behavior draws upon evolutionary biology, game theory, and sociology.
- The hypothesized process of abiogenesis includes formation of a habitable planet, prebiotic synthesis of organic molecules, molecular self-replication, self-assembly, autocatalysis, and emergence of cell membranes.
- The prevailing scientific hypothesis holds that the transition from non-living to living entities on Earth was a gradual process rather than a single event.
- A transit of Venus occurred on 9 December 1874.
- Astronomy was the first natural science to reach a high level of sophistication and predictive ability, which it achieved in the second half of the 1st millennium BCE.
- The mathematical formulations of quantum mechanics use mainly a part of functional analysis, especially Hilbert spaces.
- Towards the end of the 19th century, scientists discovered phenomena in both the macro and micro worlds that classical physics could not explain.
- Mean follow-up after vaccination was 16 months per participant in the Pfizer phase 3 RSV vaccine trial (median 17 months) and 19 months in the GSK phase 3 RSV vaccine trial (median 23 months).
- Stars with masses between one and eight times that of the Sun pass through the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase of stellar evolution.
- In a meta-analysis of 14 weight-loss intervention studies, average baseline participant weight ranged from 82 kg to 139 kg, while intervention durations ranged from 8 to 26 weeks.
- The Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) hosts a Real-Time Ocean Reanalysis Intercomparison for Salinity covering 5 ocean reanalyses using a 1993–2013 climatology.
- A study titled 'El Niño was a key driver of anomalous ocean warming in Southeast Asia in 2023' was published in Scientific Reports.
- The study "'Feeling' or 'sensing' the future? Testing for anomalous cognitions in clinical versus healthy populations" was published in the journal Heliyon in November 2022.
- A vervet-monkey research dataset contained 68,443 recorded affiliative interactions and 16,259 recorded agonistic interactions, gathered using ad libitum sampling.
- The ensemble mean trend in total global ocean kinetic energy before 1990 was approximately (−0.01 ± 0.16) × 10¹⁷ J per decade and was not statistically significant.
- FDA's NARMS interim data updates use genomic analysis to screen enteric bacteria for resistance to medically important antibiotics.
- In 2018, questions about problematic social media use were included in the HBSC survey for the first time.
- The HBSC study is a multicentric international study conducted in collaboration with the WHO in 51 nations.
- On June 7, 2024, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) published the FDA co-sponsored report 'The Role of Seafood in Child Growth and Development,' which concluded there was not enough evidence to revise seafood amounts recommended in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
- The EPA reference dose for chronic oral exposure to methylmercury is 0.1 micrograms of mercury per kilogram of body weight per day.
- According to the ninth AIFA report, the Comirnaty vaccine accounted for 68% of adverse event reports and 71.2% of doses administered in the campaign so far.
- According to the ninth AIFA report, the median age of people who experienced a reported adverse event after COVID-19 vaccination was 48 years.
- According to the ninth AIFA report, 101,110 adverse event reports were registered in Italy out of 84,010,605 COVID-19 vaccine doses administered between 27 December 2020 and 26 September 2021, a rate of 120 reports per 100,000 doses.
- The study draws on metadata from more than five million scientific publications spanning 2000-2024 across 27 fields.
- The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a state-based telephone health survey, began in 1984 in 15 states.
- The 2007 PrISMA study surveyed 3,418 children aged 10-14 living in urban areas of Italy.
- According to Italy's Passi surveillance, about 6% of adults aged 18-69 report depressive symptoms.
- The PHQ2 test used in Italy's Passi surveillance has a specificity of 90% for detecting depressive symptoms.
- In 2015, the European Medicines Agency authorized 93 medicines for commercial sale.
- Roche is the producer of Avastin, and Novartis is the producer of Lucentis.
- A 2025 study led by Hirano T. examined the impact of land use change and drought on net emissions of carbon dioxide and methane from tropical peatlands in Southeast Asia, published in AGU Advances.
- There is currently no known cure for endometriosis.
- A 2026 paper by Nabeshima and Onuma titled 'Winter migratory birds may carry diverse antimicrobial resistance genes into Japan' was published in One Health Outlook.
- A 2026 study by Jensen, Goldstein, Fukasawa, Iannarilli, and Kays titled 'Large mammal recovery in the wake of human population decline' was published in the Journal of Applied Ecology.
- NGC 5468, the galaxy shown in the accompanying image, is located about 130 million light-years from Earth.
- The KM3NeT scientific collaboration includes 350 scientists from 68 laboratories around the world.
- In 2018, about 5,000 surgical revascularizations were performed in Spain.
- In 2018, more than 70,000 percutaneous revascularizations were performed in Spain.
- Diseases of the circulatory system, led by ischemic heart disease, are the leading cause of death in Spain, accounting for 28.3% of deaths.
- The dog skeleton belonged to a male canid between two and three years old at death.
- The metropolitan France leveling network (mainland and Corsica) is subdivided into 4 increasingly dense levels called 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th order.
- In 2004, an expedition of students from the IGN's school (formerly ENSG, now Géodata Paris) attempted to reach the summit of Mont Blanc but did not succeed.