Since 2019, Dutch export controls on lithography machines to China had covered only the most advanced extreme ultraviolet (EUV) machines, prior to the 2023 expansion.
Sources
- The US-China chip war is still escalating (technologyreview.com)
- https://techwireasia.com/2023/09/when-do-chinese-chip-gear-export-curbs-hit-the-netherlands/ (techwireasia.com)
- https://www.barchart.com/story/news/18145159/dutch-semiconductor-machine-export-restrictions-to-come-into-force-in-september (barchart.com)
- https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/dutch-curb-chip-equipment-exports-us-pressure-rcna91969 (nbcnews.com)
- https://www.euronews.com/2023/03/10/dutch-curb-on-microchip-tech-exports-for-china-could-become-eu-wide-says-valdis-dombrovski (euronews.com)
- https://www.techpowerup.com/351847/united-states-government-may-restrict-asmls-duv-tool-exports-to-china (techpowerup.com)
- https://iep.unibocconi.eu/why-asml-eus-most-important-bargaining-chip (iep.unibocconi.eu)
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