The European Union's AI Act defines distinct legal roles of 'providers' (developers) and 'deployers'.
Sources
- Global AI Governance—Part 1: Decoding Developers and Deployers | Oxford Law Blogs (blogs.law.ox.ac.uk)
- https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=OJ%3AL_202401689 (eur-lex.europa.eu)
- https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/article/3/ (artificialintelligenceact.eu)
- https://ai-act-service-desk.ec.europa.eu/en/ai-act/article-3 (ai-act-service-desk.ec.europa.eu)
- https://www.stephensonharwood.com/insights/the-roles-of-the-provider-and-deployer-in-ai-systems-and-models/ (stephensonharwood.com)
- https://arxiv.org/html/2510.13591v1 (arxiv.org)
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