The graphene electroluminescence regime occurs only when the graphene crystal is highly pure and free of defects, and encapsulated in a hexagonal boron nitride matrix.
Sources
- L’électroluminescence du graphène, une découverte inattendue (inp.cnrs.fr)
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08627-6 (nature.com)
- https://www.ens.psl.eu/actualites/decouverte-de-l-electroluminescence-du-graphene-une-premiere-pour-un-materiau-apparente (ens.psl.eu)
- https://www.institut-langevin.espci.fr/electroluminescence_and_energy_transfer_mediated_by_hyperbolic_polaritons?lang=fr (institut-langevin.espci.fr)
- https://in2p3.hal.science/IL/hal-05014291v1 (in2p3.hal.science)
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08686-9 (nature.com)
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