Topological insulators were first observed experimentally in 2007; the first three-dimensional topological insulator was confirmed in 2008.
Sources
- Physicists Discover World's First Naturally Occurring Topological Insulator (technologyreview.com)
- https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1611504113 (pnas.org)
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s42254-023-00587-y (nature.com)
- https://arxiv.org/pdf/1002.3895 (arxiv.org)
- https://spectrum.ieee.org/topological-insulators (spectrum.ieee.org)
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